Wednesday, 3 February 2016

Rangeen Mahal

             Rangeen Mahal, meaning “colored palace” was built during the reign of Ali Barid who ruled between 1542 and 1580 AD. It is famous for it’s wood carvings and it exhibits fascinating glazed tile mosaic and pearl decor that was designed by a Persian architect. The ceiling of the hall inside is supported by exquisitely carved wooden columns that present both Hindu and Muslim architecture. Also, the court has water channels with a cistern in the middle.

- Alokita Roy
  Keith pereira ( Photography )

Mahmud Gawaan Madrasa

Built in 1472 and founded in 1460, the Madrasa is an ancient university located in Bidar. It was an Islamic college and housed over 2000 students at a time. It had lecture halls, libraries and also enough place to house both students and professors. The Madrasa also has a mosque attached to it. This mosque is still functioning even today. The madrasa taught Islamic culture and Farming techniques. The students also had the practice of eating and sharing a single plate. Excellent planning and thought has gone into the building of the Madrasa. Traces of the exquisite, colourful tiles used are still seen. This structure is an excellent piece of Islamic architecture with its wide windows with jail work and descriptive arches with Arabic inscriptions.  In 1665, Aurangzeb attacked the Madrasa. In one of the two minarets, the gunpowder being stored exploded. There have been stories told that the tower was blown up by accident but there are also stories that say that it was blown up on purpose. There were not many buildings in that period that had two minarets. It suffered severe damage and the madrasa was shut down. Then again in 1696, the Madrasa was struck by lightning. It suffered significant damage. While the yellow and blue patterns on the dome have faded away, the charm of the Madrasa never will.

Swetha Ramachandran
Keith Pereira (Phototgraphy)

Tuesday, 2 February 2016

Meeting the Mochi

Legend says that god Brahma’s son used to sacrifice cows to the gods, eat a portion of the sacrifice, then restore the offering back to life and drive it into the forest. Then one day he failed to resurrect the cow because his pregnant wife had secretly stolen a portion. This resulted in a curse and she gave birth to the first Mochi.
Another myth is told that Mochiram, the first Mochi, was born from the sweat of a dancing Brahma. Mochiram offended the sage Durvasa who sent a pretty Brahman widow to seduce him. When Mochiram resisted, Durvasa used his miraculous powers to cause her to become pregnant in order to frame Mochiram. The Brahmin widow gave birth to twin sons who are the descendents of the Mochi caste in West Bengal.
Baburav a generous, kind and hardworking man of the mochi. community. The Mochi are cobblers and saddlers. Mochi’s do not consider themselves superior to Chamars. Chamars do the initial preparation of making leather from raw hides, which is a smelly, degrading work, while Mochi’s use the finished leather to make shoes, boots and handbags.
The process of shoe making involves a lot of skills.To my surprise Baburao could make a shoe from scratch ,in a span of  three hours. The use of machinery has reduced this work time and now it can be done within an hour.
But it was sad to note that he was not well equipped with the machinery, which restricted him from making women footwear.
He talked about his glorious days when there were not many designs and change in trends. It was quite easy back then to make use of the same moulds.
He was quite happy and satisfied to work for the airforce ,as they valued his work .But his children do not want to learn this craft from him. He wishes to pass it on to his children but they don’t want to do such a meagre job that wouldn’t help them earn enough. He wants to keep this art alive through his work. . He explained to us the use the three heads of the tool .Each end of the head was for a particular part of the shoe-the front , the back and for smaller sized shoes. Baburao was extremely welcoming and told us to definitely pay him a visit every time we come to Bidar.

- Meera & Saukarni

Nanak Jheera

WAHE GURU DE KHALSA, WAHE GURU DI FATEH!

Was all I heard as I entered the Sikh community, from the starting point and to when and where Jhera started, all serene and non polluted, where air was untouched and cool breezes surrounding everyone all over. There was a pinch of positivity in all over, the people all around were very cooperative and helped us through our way to Nanak Jhera. The people around were very curious to know about us, they were willingly ready to start a conversation with us.
We met two brothers Baljeet and Daljeet Singh, who told us about the story of how this Jhera came into existence and how Guru Nanak played his role in all of this.
People here call Guru Nanak as – Guru Nanak Ji.
Some 504 years ago, Guru Nanak Dev ji came to Bidar because there were a lot of water problems. Water in Bidar was the hard water, and there was no sweet water for people to drink. This day to day problem became one of the major problems in and of Bidar. It is said that Guru Nanak Ji went on four world tours to enlighten people about the almighty. During his second tour to Deccan from Sulatanpur(Punjab) he reached Bidar via Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra. People in Bidar who came to take his blessings shared their water problems with him , Bidar water at that time was salty and hence it was not eligible to drink. Guru Nanak ji then he said Satkarta then touched the hillock with his right foot, and a spring of sweet  water started flowing from this place, and since then its still flowing continiously till the date. People all over Bidar come to take drinking water from here.
Guru Nanak Dev Ji then sowed the seeds of sikhism during 1699 when he also created the Khalsa Panth the fifth beloved (pyara). Bhai Saheb Singh ji came from Nanded to Bidar and offered himself to the 10th Guru Keshgam Anonupur Saheb.
But there are a lot of controversial things to the history of jheera which were put into the light by unkown. It is said that Guru Singh Saheb came to bidar after the Kharez water system was built. So it is claimed by the unkown that when Guru Nanak ji touched the hillock, he might have accidently opened a gap to the kharees canal, due to which the water broke out.
But we don’t know what exactly it was. This was all the information we collected and got by having conversation’s with people in the Jhera.

Gauri Kulkarni

Stories of Ashtur

At Ashtur, the home of the tombs of Ahmed Shah Bahmani, Makhduma-e-Jahaan and their children, I spoke to the guard who was responsible for the security of the place. At the first glance itself, I could tell that not much was done for the security of the place. The guard spoke to me about many problems of intrusion and trespassing by young men who used the spot to drink and would vandalize the space. He told me a story of how just a day ago, he was attacked by those very men by a bat, and sustained an injury on his right shoulder during the altercation.

He explained to me how every year, within the grounds of Ashtur, a festival was held, where around fifteen to twenty thousand people attended over five days. When I asked him the purpose of the festival, and why it was celebrated, he narrated the story of how the name Bahmani came into being. Ahmed Shah, as a young man, once went into the forest and took a nap. A five-headed snake came up to him, as he was asleep, and gave him shade with the help of its multiple hoods. A Brahmin passing by saw the whole incident, and went on to tell Ahmed Shah that he would one day become a Sultan. Not believing the Brahmin, Ahmed Shah exclaimed that if he ever did become a sultan, he would change his name to the Brahmin’s. In the following years, when the prophecy was fulfilled and Ahmed Shah became the sultan of Bidar, he took up the name ‘Bahmani’, a slight modification of the word ‘Brahmin’. The festival, in turn, was a celebration of this very tale.

I was also told that there was wild cat living in one of the tombs for the last ten years or so. But the wild animal had not been seen for the past couple of days, and the guard concluded that it was probably dead.

-Rudradutt Ranade

Afternoon in Another Era

Alighting from the bus into the afternoon sun, half-asleep and dazed, I felt unprepared for the beauty of the Ashtur tombs. The first tomb we entered was a kaleidoscope of maroon and deep blue, complex geometric patterns and calligraphy stretching upwards as far as we could see into the dark dome above. An old man crouched near the first step at the entrance, directing the sun’s rays onto the interior of the dome by way of a mirror, allowing us to admire what would otherwise be hidden. My one disappointment was that women were not allowed to step inside and could only appreciate the art from a distance.



The tombs are imposing structures, stolidly standing their ground since their construction centuries ago, their only companions the tall neem trees which offer welcome shade. It is under one of these that there lies a grave with no body to inhabit it – a curious story of a nobleman who had his grave built during his lifetime, but passed away too far from home to have his body brought back and buried in the spot he had selected.

Some of the tombs lie in ruins; the dome of one has caved in, the remaining portion rising into the sky like the jagged edges of a rock, the yellow ochre striking against the blue. The other place that piqued my interest was the tomb of Makhdumah-i-Jahan, the wife of the sultan Humayun Bahmani, and mother to the sultans Nizam Shah and Muhammad Shah. Having read about her, and attempted to put myself in her shoes to write a diary, it felt strangely dreamlike to be standing outside her tomb, to walk where she once walked over five hundred years ago in Bidar Fort.

                                                         
Leaving the Ashtur tombs, I got the sense that if someone was to visit the place decades and centuries later, it would be the same – a little worse for wear, but still with an atmosphere unique to it, one of history standing still in a place removed from traffic and crowds, carefully preserving the lives and art of those who existed in an era long before our own. 

- Antara (Article)
   Keith (Picture)